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2009成考复习:成人高考高起点英语备考短语

来源:编辑:发布时间:2009年10月13日

内容导读:

  It is ( It was ) important ,其后的主语从句用虚拟语气,助动词用should .
  It is important that we ( should ) learn computer .
  Wish + ( that ) 从句,通常表示不可能实现的愿望。 表示现在的动作或状态是,从句中的动词用过去时;表示过去的动作或状态时,从句中的动词用had + 过去分词。
  但是,从句中动词用would (might ) + 动词原形时,表示现在或将来有可能实现的愿望
  I wish I knew a little contract law . 但愿我知道一点合同法(我不知道)
  I wish you would come tomorrow . 我希望你明天能来 (有可能来)
  As if / as thought 引导的状语从句(或表语从句)中,常用虚拟语气。
  如果从句表示的意思与现在事实相反,谓语动词则应使用过去式;
  如果从句表示的意思与过去事实相反,谓语动词则使用 had + 过去分词的形式 .
  基本句型
  主语 + 谓语动词 The two-man spaceship took off this morning .
  主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 The drilling machine is making a hole .
  主语 + 连系动词 + 表语 The answer is off the point .
  主语 + 谓语动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
  The new approach has saved us a great deal of time
  主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 We like our guests to feel at home .
  常用连词
  等立连词:and , so , not only ~ but also , neither ~ now , or , otherwise , either ~ or , but , yet , still , however , while ,whereas, for
  常用关联词
  主从连词 that , whether , if
  连接代词 who , whom , whose , what , where , which
  连接副词 when , where , why , how
  倒装句
  Never , Scarcely , hardly , rarely , little , nowhere , no sooner ~ than , not only , in no case , in no way , on no accoune , at no time , under no circumstances (这些词或词组放在句首作壮语时)
  There be 句型和大多数的疑问句都是倒装句
  Here , there , then , thus 等副词放在句首时,谓语动词为come , be , exist , follow 等不及物动词时,句子一般都为全部倒装 Here is a book for you . Here comes the bus .
  句首为 so , nor , neither 等副词时、表明前句说明的情况也适用于本句时 ,句子为倒装
  Richard can speak Japanese . So can his sister
  在虚拟语气中,非真实条件从句中的连词省略时,句子为倒装。这时,倒装到主语前的助动次 had ,should 和动词were . Had I left a little earlier , I would have missed the train
  so / nor / neither + 系动词/ 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语
  表示前句中谓语所说明的情况也同样适用于后句中的主语,用到装。
  He doesn‘t like music . Nor / Neither do I .
  在Hardly ~~ when 和 No sooner ~~ than 以及 Not until 的句型中,由于否定词或否定词组放在句首,主句部分中的主、谓要到装———助动词 + 主语 + 动词原形
  No sooner had he got well than he left the hospital .
  直接引语和间接引语
  John said , “ I ‘m going to London with my father .”
  John said that he was going to London with his father .
  一般疑问句变成以if (whether ) 引导的宾语从句
  He said , “Have you all understood this passage ?”
  He asked the class if they had all understood that passage .
  祈使句变为动词不定式, 作ask , tell 等动词的宾语补足语。表示命令时常用 tell , order 等;表示请求时常用ask , beg 等动词,原句中的don‘t 应变为 not .
  The manager said to the clerk , “Be polite to all the clients .”
  The manager told the clerk to be polite to all the clients .
  如主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时,间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语的原来时态
  He says , “ I am very busy reading the book .”
  He says that he is very busy reading the book .
  如主句谓语动词为过去时,间接引语中的动词应发生如下变化:
  一般现在时———一般过去时
  现在进行时———过去进行时
  一般将来时———过去将来时
  现在完成时———过去完成时
  一般过去时———过去完成时 过去完成时不变
  直接引语转换成间接引语时,代词一般相应变化如下:
  this —— that last week – the week before
  therse – those three days ago – three days before
  now – then tomorrow – the next day
  today – that day next week – the (next ) following week
  this week – that week here —— there
  yesterday – the day before come – go

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