lSection I Vocabulary (10 points) Directions：There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section．For each sentence there are four choices marked A，B，C，and D．Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence．Then blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil． 1．His wife has been _______a lot of pressure on him to change his job． A．taking B．exerting C．giving D．pushing 2．It is estimated that，currently, about 50，000 species become _____every year． A．extinct B．instinct C．distinct D．intense 3．John says that his present job does not provide him with enough ______for his organizing ability． A．scope B．space C．capacity D．range 4．Many _______will be opened up in the future for those with a university education． A．probabilities B．realities C．necessities D．opportunities 5．After his uncle died，the young man _____the beautiful estate with which he changed from a poor man to a wealthy noble． A．inhabited B．inherited C．inhibited D．inhaled 6．The manager is calling on a______ customer trying to talk him into signing the contract． A．prosperous B．preliminary C．pessimistic D．prospective 7．In 1991，while t11e economies of industrialized countries met an economic_____，the economies of developing countries were growing very fast． A．revival B．repression C．recession D．recovery 8．The destruction of the twin towers _________shock and anger throughout the world． A．summoned B．tempted C provoked D．stumbled 9．About 20 of the passengers who were injured in a plane crash are said to be in _____condition． A．decisive B．urgent C．vital D．critical 10．The interactions between China and the US will surely have a significant _______on peace and stability in the Asia—Pacific region and the world as a whole． A．importance B．impression C．impact D．implication 11．The poor countries are extremely _______to international economic fluctuations- A．inclined B．vulnerable C．attracted D．reduced 12．Applicants should note that all positions are——to Australian citizenship requirements． A．subject B．subjective C．objected D．objective 13．We aim to ensure that all candidates are treated fairly and that they have equal ______to employment opportunities． A．entrance B．entry C．access D．admission 14．Successful learning is not a(n)________activity but consists of four distinct stages in a specific order A．only B．sole C．mere D．single 15．The opportunity to explore and play and the encouragement to do so Can ________the performance of many children． A．withhold B．prevent C．enhance D．justify 16．All her hard work __________in the end，and she finally passed the exam． A．showed off B．paid off C．1eft off D．kept off 17．In order to live the kind of life we want and to be the person we want to be，we have to do more than just ________with events． A．put sup B．set up C．turn up D．make up 18．The team played hard because the championship of the state was______. A．at hand B．at stake C．at large D．at best 19．I don’t think you'll change his mind；once he’s decided on so something he tends to _____it. A．stick to B．abide by C．comply with D．keep on 20．Tom placed the bank notes，_________the change and receipts，back in the drawer． A. more than B. but for C．thanks to D. along with Section 1I Cloze (10 points) Directions：For each numbered blank in the following passage．there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil． Advancing age means losing your hair, your waistline and your memory，right ? Dana Denis is just 40 years old，but 2 1 she’s worried about what she calls’ my rolling mental blackouts.” ”I try to remember something and I just blank out，”she says You may 22 about these lapses，calling them ” senior moments ”or blaming "early Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症)．”Is it an inescapable fact that the older you get，the 23 you remember? Well, sort of．But as time goes by, we tend to blame age 24 problems that are not necessarily age—related． 　“When a teenager can’t find her keys，she thinks it's because she’s distracted or disorganized，”says Paul Gold．“A 70-year-old blames her 25 ．”In fact，the 70-year-old may have been 26 things for decades． 　In healthy people，memory doesn’t worsen as 27 as many of us think．“As we 28，the memory mechanism isn’t 29 ，”says psychologist Fergus Craik．”It’s just inefficient．” 　The brain’s processing 30 slows down over the years，though no one knows exactly 31. Recent research suggests that nerve cells lose efficiency and 32 there’s less activity in the brain．But，cautions Barry Gordon，”It's not clear that less activity is 33 ．A beginning athlete is winded（气喘吁吁）more easily than a 34 athlete．In the same way, 35 the brain gets more skilled at a task，it expends less energy on it.” 　There are 36 you can take to compensate for normal slippage in your memory gears，though it 37 effort．Margaret Sewell says：”We’re a quick-fix culture, but you have to 38 to keep your brain 39 shape．It’s like having a good body．You Can’t go to the gym once a year 40 expect to stay in top form.” 21．A. almost B. seldom C. already D. never 22．A. joke B. laugh C. blame D. criticize 23．A. much B. little C. more D. less 24．A. since B. for C. by D. because 25．A. memory B. mind C. trouble D. health 26．A. disorganizing B. misplacing C. putting D. finding 27．A. swiftly B. frequently C. timely D. quickly 28．A．mature B. advance C. age D. grow 29．A. broken B. poor C. perfect D. working 30．A. pattern B. time C. space D. information 31．A . why B. how C. what D. when 32．A. since B. hence C. that D. although 33．A. irregular B. better C. normal D. worse 34．A. famous B. senior C. popular D. trained 35．A. as B. till C. though D. yet 36．A. stages B. steps C. advantages D. purposes 37．A. makes B. takes C. does D. spends 38．A. rest B. come C. work D. study 39．A. to B. for C. on D. in 40．A. so B. or C. and D. if Section Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part, Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil. Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage: Prior to the 20th century, many languages with small numbers of speakers survived for centuries. The increasingly interconnected modern world makes it much more difficult for small language communities to live in relative isolation, a key factor in language maintenance and preservation. It remains to be seen whether the world can maintain its linguistic and cultural diversity in the centuries ahead. Many powerful forces appear to work against it :population growth, which pushes migrant populations into the world’s last isolated locations; mass tourism; global telecommunications and mass media; and the spread of gigantic global corporations. All of these forces appear to signify a future in which the language of advertising, popular culture, and consumer products become similar. Already English and a few other major tongues have emerged as global languages of commerce and communication. For many of the world’s peoples, learning one of these languages is viewed as the key to education, economic opportunity, and a better way of life. Only about 3,000 languages now in use are expected to survive the coming century. Are most of the rest doomed in the century after that? Whether most of these languages survive will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identity alive through a native language. To do so will require an emphasis on bilingualism（mastery of two languages）. Bilingual speakers could use their own language in smaller spheres---at home, among friends, in community settings---and a global language at work, in dealings with government, and in commercial spheres. In this way, many small languages could sustain their cultural and linguistic integrity alongside global languages, rather than yield to the homogenizing（同化的）forces of globalization. Ironically, the trend of technological innovation that has threatened minority languages could also help save them. For example, some experts predict that computer software translation tools will one day permit minority language speakers to browse the Internet using their native tongues. Linguists are currently using computer—aided learning tools to teach a variety of threatened languages. For many endangered languages, the line between revival and death is extremely thin. Language is remarkably resilient（有活力的）,however. It is not just a tool for communicating, but also a powerful way of separating different groups, or of demonstrating group identity. Many indigenous（原生的，土著的）communities have shown that it is possible to live in the modern world while reclaiming their unique identities through language. 41.Minority languages can be best preserved in __________. A．an increasingly interconnected world B．maintaining small numbers of speakers C．relatively isolated language communities D．following the tradition of the 20th century 42.According to Paragraph 2, that the world can maintain its linguistic diversity in the future is _______. A．uncertain B．unrealistic C．foreseeable D．definite 43.According to the author, bilingualism can help_________. A．small languages become acceptable in work places B．homogenize the world’s languages and cultures C．global languages reach home and community settings D．speakers maintain their linguistic and cultural identity 44.Computer technology is helpful for preserving minority languages in that it_________. A．makes learning a global language unnecessary B．facilitates the learning and using of those languages C．raises public awareness of saving those languages D．makes it easier for linguists to study those languages 45.In the author’s view, many endangered languages are________. A．remarkably well-kept in this modern world B．exceptionally powerful tools of communication C．quite possible to be revived instead of dying out D．a unique way of bringing different groups together